| 摘要: |
| 【目的】三江平原地区是我国重要的农业生产基地,产能很大,但近年来地下水位下降厉害,发展后劲不足已经凸显。对寒地水稻应用节水灌溉措施和技术能减少农业用水的浪费,研究寒地水稻节水灌溉用水模型迫切且必要。【方法】本文通过查阅大量相关文献,用文献综述法围绕水稻用水模型及算法展开梳理,对国内外已有的技术理论和研究体系重点进行探讨,为提高水稻用水效率及水稻节水灌溉运行管理提供科学依据。【结果】国内外对用水模型的研究有的以彭曼公式为基础进行修正,有的是针对水稻田间环境单一因素进行建模,有的是由单因素逐渐扩展到多个因素,但这些模型多适用于国外和南方的水稻种植区域,对适应北方一季水稻种植的用水模型的研究较少。【结论】我国水稻用水模型研究还处于起步阶段,部分技术难题还未攻克。加强水稻用水模型的研究,需要与农学农艺相结合,更要信息化技术、物联网技术的支持。增进用水模型的实用化进程,可以提高我国农业用水效率,保证区域农业可持续健康稳定发展。 |
| 关键词: 寒地水稻 节水灌溉 用水模型 算法 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274.2 |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省自然科学基金面上项目(C2018050) ；校青年创新人才项目(CXRC2017014)；校启动计划(XDB201813) |
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| A review of water saving irrigation modelsfor rice in cold regions |
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Li Aichuan, Sang Yining, liuxuanji, liuguanxiong
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College of Electrical and Information,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| [Purpose] The Sanjiang Plain is an important agricultural production base in China. Its production capacity is very large.However the groundwater level has fallen dramatically in recent years,the deficiencies in development have been highlighted.The application of water-saving irrigation measures and techniques to rice in cold regions can reduce the waste of agricultural water. It is urgent and necessary to study the water-saving irrigation water model for rice in cold regions. [Method] By consulting a large number of relevant literatures, this paper combed around the water use model and algorithm of rice with literature review method, and discussed the existing technical theory and research system at home and abroad, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving water use efficiency of rice and water-saving irrigation operation and management of rice.[Result]Some researches on water use models were based on the Penman formula, some were modeled for single factors in the rice field environment, some were gradually extended from single factors to multiple factors. However, most of these models are suitable for rice cultivation in foreign countries and in the south China, there are few studies for one-season rice varieties in the north south China.[Conclusion] The research on rice water use model in China is still in its infancy, and some technical problems have not yet been tackled. To strengthen the research of rice water use model, it is necessary to combine with agronomy and it need the support for information technology and Internet of Things technology. Improving the practical process of water use model can improve the efficiency of agricultural water use and ensure the sustainable, healthy and stable development of regional agriculture. |
| Key words: Rice In Cold Regions water saving irrigation Water Model Algorithm |