| 摘要: |
| ［目的］十九大报告针对城乡未来发展，提出实施利国利民的乡村振兴战略。随着中国经济实力不断增强，大中城市不断扩张，城市周边乡村景观格局受到不同程度的剧烈影响。城边乡村景观的合理布局有利于加快生态宜居的乡村振兴进程，是实现乡村振兴的重要一环。［方法］文章以沈阳市周边乡村为研究区域，基于GIS技术、半变异函数与移动窗口法相结合，分别从破碎化和多样性角度分析景观异质性的空间特征，探索城市周边乡村景观分布格局，并分析该格局形成的驱动因素。［结果］（1）研究区主要乡村景观类型为耕地，其次为建设用地和有林地； 河流水面、水库水面和灌木林地斑块密度较小，最大斑块指数较高，表明三者的景观异质性较低； （2）农村道路、沟渠和建设用地3类景观破碎度较大，斑块密度高，平均斑块面积较小； （3）浑河及其沿岸景观异质性较高； 除浑河以外其他地区，东北部景观均质化较东南部高，东南部景观格局异质性随着与城市中心距离的变化出现一定梯度的改变，主要受与城市中心距离、人为对土地利用开发强度的影响。［结论］研究结果可为该研究地区及相似大中城市周边乡村景观格局分析提供定量参考依据，为乡村振兴战略及山水林田湖草的优化整治提供理论依据。 |
| 关键词: 移动窗口法城市周边乡村景观格局异质性分析沈阳市 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:P901 |
| 基金项目:辽宁省社科规划基金项目“辽宁省乡村振兴县域和村域规划策略研究”（L18BGL004）； 辽宁省科协科技创新智库项目“辽宁省乡村振兴主要途径研究”（lnkx2017B09） |
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| ANALYSIS OF RURAL LANDSCAPE PATTERNS AROUND LARGE AND MEDIUM CITIES*——TAKING SHENYANG CITY AS AN EXAMPLE |
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Lin Lin1，Bian Zhenxing1※, Wang Shumin2
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1. College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China;2. Liaoning Shenfu New District Development and Investment Group Co. Ltd., Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
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| Abstract: |
| The report of the 19th National Congress addresses the future development of urban and rural areas and proposes a rural revitalization strategy for the benefit of the country and the people. As China′s economic strength continues to increase, large and medium sized cities continue to expand, and the rural landscape pattern around the city has been severely affected to varying degrees. The rational layout of the rural landscape along the city is conducive to accelerating rural revitalization, which is an important part of rural revitalization. Based on the combination of GIS technology, semi variogram and moving window methodology, this research took the surrounding countryside of Shenyang as the research area, analyzed the spatial characteristics of landscape heterogeneity from the perspective of fragmentation and diversity, then explored the distribution pattern of rural landscapes around the city, and analyzed the drivers of the formation of the pattern. The results were showed as follows. Firstly, the main rural landscape types in the study area were cultivated land, followed by construction land and forest land, the river, reservoir water, and shrub land had lower plaque density and higher maximum plaque index, indicating that the landscape heterogeneity was low. Secondly, the landscape of rural roads, ditches and construction land was more fragmented, the plaque density was high, and the average plaque area was smaller. Finally, the heterogeneity of the landscape between the Hunhe River and its coastal areas was relatively high. In other areas except the Hunhe River, the landscape homogenization in the northeast was higher than the southeast. The heterogeneity of the landscape pattern in the southeast had a certain gradation from the center of the city outward, which affected by the distance from the center of the city and the impact of human activities on the intensity of land use development in those areas. The results of this research can provide quantitative reference for the analysis of rural landscape patterns in the study area and similar large and medium sized cities, and provide theoretical basis for the rural revitalization strategies and the optimization and remediation of the landscape and grassland. |
| Key words: moving window method urban periphery rural landscape pattern heterogeneity analysis Shenyang city |
