| 摘要: |
| ［目的］文章以内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市内鄂温克族自治旗、陈巴尔虎旗、新巴尔虎右旗为典型区域，定量研究我国北方牧区居民家庭食物消费结构及特征，以期丰富我国牧区的食物消费数据库、促进牧区居民食物消费转型升级。［方法］采用分层抽样，通过实地入户3d跟踪称重调研，获取典型区域内204户居民家庭食物消费的一手数据，结合中国居民膳食宝塔推荐值和传统农村（山东省）居民食物消费数据，对牧区家庭食物消费结构进行分析。［结果］（1）牧区居民家庭人均食物消费量为49599g/（人·餐），其中植物性食物消费量是动物性食物的24倍； 蔬菜消费占比最高（2443%），其次是面粉（1839%）、奶类（1262%）和肉类（1139%）； 粮食消费中50%以上为面粉消费，肉类消费中60%以上为牛羊肉消费。（2）不同区域和群体间消费差异明显。收入水平较高的家庭对非主食类食物（肉类、食用油、零食和酒水）的消费量更高，而对薯类的消费量更低； 与少数民族相比，饮食主要决定人为汉族的家庭人均食物消费量更低，且对奶类、酒水的消费量明显更低。（3）与中国居民平衡膳食宝塔推荐值相比，呼伦贝尔牧区居民食物消费表现出高油多盐的特征，同时对牛羊肉为主的肉类和谷薯类的消费偏高，而对水产类、水果和奶类的消费明显不足； 与传统农村居民家庭食物消费相比，牧区居民的蔬菜、大豆及坚果的消费量更低。［结论］牧区居民食物消费有了主、副食兼用的趋势，且仍能体现地域特色，但饮食结构仍呈现单一化，对牛羊肉等肉类消费过量情况尤为突出。 |
| 关键词: 食物消费消费结构与特征居民家庭定量测量呼伦贝尔牧区 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:F1261 |
| 基金项目:国家青年科学基金项目“高原旅游目的地游客食物消费综合效应评价及其可持续模式研究”（41701620）； 拉萨市科技局资助项目“面向乡村振兴的产业融合科技示范基地”（SCKJ004）； 国家科学技术部资助项目“第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究”（2019 QZKK1002）； 中国科学院“博士研究生国际合作培养计划”综合项目 |
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| STRUCTURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF FOOD CONSUMPTION OF HERDSMAN HOUSEHOLDS IN NORTHERN CHINA |
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Wang Ling′en1, Ni Xiaowen1,2, Xu Shujing3, Li Yunyun1,2,4※, Su Hongwen3,Shi Lei3, Cheng Shengkui1 Shengkui1
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1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Hulunbuir University, Hailar Inner Mongolia 021008, China; 4. University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19348, USA
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| Abstract: |
| To enrich the food consumption database and promote the upgrading of household food consumption in pastoral areas of China, this study takes three animal husbandry counties (Ewenki Autonomous Banner, Prairie Chenbarhu Banner, and Xin Barag Right Banner) in Hulunbuir of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as the typical areas to quantitatively investigate their household food consumption structure and characteristics. Stratified sampling was adopted to obtain first hand data of 204 households in the study area through on site tracking weighing for 3 days. On the basis of the first hand data, household food consumption structure in pastoral areas was analyzed by combining the recommended value of Balanced Diet Pagoda for Chinese Consumers (2016) and data on food consumption of rural residents in Shandong province (2017). The main results were: (1) Per capita food consumption of households in pastoral areas reached 495.99 g per cap per meal, in which the plant based food consumption was 2.4 times that of animal based food; vegetables accounted for the highest proportion of total food consumption (24.43%), followed by flour (18.39%), milk and dairy products (12.62%) and meat (11.39%). Grain consumption was mainly occupied by flour (56.25%), and meat consumption was mainly occupied by beef and mutton (61.44%). (2) Different regions and groups had significant differences in food consumption. Households with higher income levels consumed more non staple food (including meat, edible oil, snacks, and drinks), and less tuber; compared with that of ethnic minority households, the per capita food consumption of households with Han Chinese as the decision maker was lower, their consumption of milk and dairy products and drinks was also lower. (3) Compared with the recommended value of Balanced Diet Pagoda for Chinese Consumers (2016), the consumption of editable oil, salt, meat and tuber in Hulunbuir pastoral area was higher, while the consumption of aquatic products, fruits, and milk and dairy products was insufficient; compared with the food consumption level of rural residents in Shandong province, the consumption of vegetables, soybeans and nuts of pastoral residents was relatively lower. In conclusion, residents in pastoral areas of North China show a trend of consuming both staple food and non staple food. Food consumption characteristics in the pastoral areas can still reflect regional characteristics, yet the diet structure is still unbalanced, especially the excessive consumption of meat such as beef and mutton. |
| Key words: food consumption consumption structure and characteristics households quantitative measurement pastoral area in Hulunbuir |
