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引用本文:文高辉,刘蒙罢,胡贤辉.耕地细碎化对农户劳动生产率影响的空间计量分析[J].中国农业资源与区划,2021,42(2):167~175
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耕地细碎化对农户劳动生产率影响的空间计量分析
文高辉1,2,刘蒙罢1,3,胡贤辉1
1.湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙 410081;2.地理空间大数据挖掘与应用湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410081;3.华中农业大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉 430070
摘要:
目的 耕地细碎化是制约现代农业发展的重要因素之一,探讨耕地细碎化与农户劳动生产率的空间关系,为小农经济与现代农业协调发展提供借鉴。方法 文章以湖北省江夏区等4区县为研究区域,基于农户调查数据首先运用空间自相关模型判断农户劳动生产率在地理空间上是否存在空间集聚,而后运用空间滞后模型(SLM)和空间误差模型(SEM)从乡镇层面上计量分析耕地细碎化对农户劳动生产率的影响。结果 (1)农户劳动生产率在地理空间上具有显著的正向空间溢出效应;(2)耕地细碎化与农户劳动生产率呈显著的空间负相关关系;(3)农户特征及耕地生产环境特征对农户劳动生产率具有显著的影响,具体表现为:农业劳动力平均年龄和非农收入比重均与农户劳动生产率呈显著的空间负相关关系,而农机服务率、耕地规模及耕地质量均与农户劳动生产率呈显著的空间正相关关系。结论 应因地分类治理耕地细碎化,加强农户间的信息交流平台建设,促进耕地资源向有长期稳定务农意愿的种植大户流转,加强农业生产社会化服务体系建设,进而提高农户劳动生产率。
关键词:  耕地细碎化  劳动生产率  空间计量模型  农户  湖北
DOI:10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20210220
分类号:F301.2
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“耕地利用生态效率评价、驱动因子及提升机制研究——以洞庭湖平原为例”(41801190);湖南省自然科学基金项目“耕地利用生态效率的空间格局与空间效应——以洞庭湖平原为例”(2019JJ50390);湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目“洞庭湖平原耕地面源污染治理农户参与机制研究”(18YBQ097);湖南省教育厅创新平台开放基金项目“洞庭湖平原耕地面源污染治理农户生态补偿机制研究”(19K062);2019年湖南省研究生科研创新项目“耕地细碎化与农业生产率的空间格局及其空间关系研究——以长株潭地区为例”(CX20190391)
SPATIAL ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CULTIVATED LAND FRAGMENTATION ON FARMERS′ LABOR PRODUCTIVITY
Wen Gaohui1,2, Liu Mengba1,3, Hu Xianhui1
1.College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China;2.Hunan Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China;3.College of Public Administration, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
Abstract:
Cultivated land fragmentation is an important factor restricting the development of modern agriculture. This paper explores the spatial relationship between cultivated land fragmentation and farmers′ labor productivity, and provides reference for the coordinated development of small-scale peasant economy and modern agriculture. Taking four districts and counties in Hubei province as the research area, based on the survey data of farmers, the spatial autocorrelation model was used to determine whether there was spatial agglomeration of farmers′ labor productivity in the geographic space, and then spatial lag model (SLM) and spatial error model (SEM) were employed to quantitatively analyze the impact of cultivated land fragmentation on farmers′ labor productivity at the township level under the two spatial weight matrices of geographical adjacency and geographical distance. The results showed that: (1) The farmers′ labor productivity had significant positive spatial spillover effect in geographic space. (2) There was a significant negative spatial correlation between cultivated land fragmentation and farmers′ labor productivity. (3) The characteristics of farmers and cultivated land production environment had significant effects on farmers′ labor productivity. Specifically, the average age of agricultural labor force and the proportion of non-agricultural income were significantly negatively correlated with farmers′ labor productivity, while the service rate of agricultural machinery, the scale of cultivated land and the quality of cultivated land were significantly positively correlated with farmers′ labor productivity. Therefore, in order to improve farmers′ labor productivity, we should classify and govern the cultivated land fragmentation according to the region conditions especially the topographic and geomorphological characteristics, strengthen the construction of information exchange platform among farmers, promote the transfer of cultivated land resources to large farmers with long-term and stable farming intentions, strengthen the construction of socialized service system of agricultural production.
Key words:  cultivated land fragmentation  labor productivity  spatial econometric model  farmers  Hubei
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