| 摘要: |
| 目的 以倪绍祥先生土地评价思想概括和我国土壤普查、土地类型述评为依据，探讨我国耕地评价工作完善路径和方向。方法 文章采用文献研究和对比分析方法。结果 （1）倪先生经过多年研究实践，形成以土壤调查为前提的，土地类型单元为基础，开展土地评价的系统思想。（2）我国土壤调查、土地类型工作中断，致使农用地分等定级、土地质量地球化学等工作缺乏扎实的数据基础，使得现有的耕地评价成果难以满足新时代耕地资源“三位一体”保护要求，也妨害国家对自然资源的科学管理。（3）国家生态文明建设、国土资源科技创新和自然资源管理机构职责整合等宏观背景，客观上要求将土地评价与土壤类型、土地类型相联系，夯实耕地评价的科学基础，创新耕地质量评价体系。（4）科学组织第三次土壤普查，服务于耕地评价实践，将土壤资源融入自然资源统一管理成为必然趋向。结论 倪绍祥先生有关土地评价思想，对于完善我国土地评价理论和方法体系，创新性开展第三次土地利用现状调查中的耕地质量调查专题，适应自然资源统一管理新形势具有重要借鉴价值。亟需科学组织新的土壤普查和土地类型调查研究，更新完善原有的土壤资源图和报告，深化中小尺度的土地类型调查研究，不仅深化人们对土地资源的客观认识，也为新的耕地质量评价提供客观、科学、高精度的数据基础提供可能。 |
| 关键词: 耕地评价 土壤调查 土地类型 自然资源管理 倪绍祥 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20211026 |
| 分类号:S159.2;F323.21 |
| 基金项目:教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金“粮食安全语境下耕地弹性空间识别与管控研究”（21YJA630121） |
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| DISCUSSION OF SOIL SURVEY, LAND TYPE, AND CULTIVATED LAND EVALUATION *——BASED ON ACADEMIC THOUGHTOFMR NI SHAOXIANG'S LAND EVALUATION |
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Zhao Huafu1,2, Wu Kening1,2
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1.College of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;2.Key Laboratory of Land Renovation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the summary of land evaluation thought of Mr. Ni Shaoxiang and the review of soil survey and land type in China，this paper discussed the improvement path and direction of land evaluation in China. Literature research and contrastive analysis were used in the research.The result showed that: (1) Mr. Ni formed a land system evaluation idea by combining soil survey, land type, and cultivated land evaluation. (2) The long-term interruption of China's soil survey and land types work led to the lack of solid data for the classification and grading of cultivated land and land quality geochemical evaluation, which made it difficult for the existing cultivated land evaluation results to meet the requirements of the "trinity" protection of cultivated land resources in the new era and also hindered the state's scientific management of natural resources. (3) Under the macro background of the construction of national ecological civilization, the scientific and technological innovation of land resources, and the integration of the responsibilities of natural resources management institutions, it was objectively required to connect land evaluation with soil and land types, consolidate the scientific foundation of cultivated land evaluation, and innovate the evaluation system of cultivated land quality.(4) Scientific organization the third soil survey with the combination of soil types and land types would be in the service of the cultivated land evaluation practice. It is an inevitable trend to integrate soil resources into the unified management of natural resources.Results indicate that: Mr. Ni Shaoxiang's academic thought on cultivated land evaluation is of important reference for improving the theory and method system of land evaluation, carrying out the special investigation of cultivated land quality in the National Third Territorial Survey and adapting to the unified management of natural resources. In urgent need of scientific research organization new soil survey and land type, improving the original soil resource map and report, and deepening the medium and small scale of land type investigation and study, which will not only deepen people's objective understanding of the land resources, but also provide objective, scientific, high-precision data for the new cultivated land quality evaluation. |
| Key words: cultivated land evaluation land type natural resource management Ni Shaoxiang |
