| 摘要: |
| 目的 土地是农民家庭的重要资产，易地搬迁后如何利用好迁出地土地资源是保障农户收益实现可持续发展的关键。方法 云南省怒江州泸水市是我国通过易地扶贫搬迁打赢脱贫攻坚战的重点区域，文章基于该市的7个易地扶贫搬迁安置点的238个农户的问卷调查数据，运用二元Logistic回归模型对其影响因素进行深入探讨。结果 （1）移民搬迁后加剧了迁出地“三块地”撂荒，搬迁后农户对宅基地、林地、耕地选择撂荒的比例明显提高，所占比例分别为74.7%、35.7%以及76%；（2）不同的安置点农户对于“三块地”的利用方式的选择上存在差异，搬迁距离近的农户选择继续耕种土地的可能性高；（3）家庭特征、家庭资源禀赋特征、社会特征对搬迁后农户迁出地土地利用行为有重要影响，搬迁后农户生活生产方式转变、非农就业机会增加、务农劳动时间的机会成本增加以及居住地到耕地的距离增加对土地利用行为有影响。结论 在厘清易地扶贫搬迁农户对于“三块地”利用方式选择及影响因素的基础上，针对搬迁后迁出地“三块地”撂荒比例显著提高的问题，建议当地政府积极探索迁出地农户土地退出机制、构建土地流转信息服务平台、鼓励发展新型农业经营主体、促进“两山”转化实现生态产品经济价值。 |
| 关键词: 易地扶贫搬迁 土地利用 影响因素 二元Logistic回归 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20221219 |
| 分类号:F323.24 |
| 基金项目:云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目“两山”理论指引下云南民族地区林业产业高质量发展研究（2023J0728）；云南省重大科技专项（202102AE090042)；国家自然基金项目“新时代农户生计资本分形表征与扶贫机制驱动分层研究”（71863033） |
|
| LAND USE PATTERNS AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF RELOCATING FARMERS TO RELIEVE POVERTY IN LUSHUI COUNTY, NUJIANG CITY |
|
Guodong Jiang, Ya Li, Shen Yan
|
|
College of Economics and Management, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China
|
| Abstract: |
| Land is an important asset of farmers' households, and how to make good use of the land resources of the emigrated place after relocation is the key to ensuring farmers' income to achieve sustainable development. Lushui county as a representative area to relieve poverty through relocation in Nujiang city Yunnan province, so the questionnaire survey from 238 rural households in 7 relocation sites was analyzed to conduct on their influencing factors by using a binary logistic regression model. The results were showed as follows. (1) After the relocation, the proportion of rural households choosing abandonment of homestead, woodland and arable land increased significantly, which accounted for 74.7%, 35.7% and 76% respectively. (2) Farmers in different resettlement sites had different choices for the use of above “three types of land”, and farmers with a short relocation distance were more likely to choose to continue to cultivate the arable land. (3) The characteristics and resource endowment of family, and social characteristics had an important influence on the land use behavior of the rural households after relocation. Meanwhile, other factors had an impact on the land use behavior of the rural households after relocation, which included the change of rural households' lifestyle and their production methods, the increasing of non-agricultural employment opportunities and the opportunity cost of agricultural labor time, and the increasing of the distance between residential land and cultivated land. In summary, based on the choice of “three types of land” and the influencing factors used by relocated rural households for poverty alleviation and relocation, to resolve the problem that the proportion of “three types of land” has increased significantly abandoned after relocation, it is recommended that the local government actively explore the land exit mechanism, construct a land circulation information service platform and increase the number of new agricultural management subject, which can promote the transformation of “two mountains” to realize the economic value of ecological products. |
| Key words: poverty alleviation and relocation land use influencing factors Binary logistic regression |
