| 摘要: |
| 目的 针对目前符合国家乡村振兴分类推进战略需求的村庄分类方法尚缺乏的现实问题，基于村庄尺度乡村振兴水平开展村庄类型识别研究意义重大。方法 文章从尊重乡村内部差异规律及村民意愿出发，建立评价指标体系。综合采用专家打分法和熵值法对2018年山东省乐陵市1 086个村庄进行了两个维度上的定量测度，基于评价结果，运用两维二分组合、K-means聚类分析法识别村庄类型并提出相应的优化路径。结果 （1）乐陵市乡村振兴水平5个维度得分中生态宜居水平最高，产业兴旺水平有待加强。（2）中心城区周边几个街道的村庄呈现出较高程度的乡村聚落空间重构度。（3）采用两维二分组合方法识别出“振兴水平高—重构度高”“振兴水平高—重构度低”“振兴水平低—重构度高”和“振兴水平低—重构度低”4种村庄类型，大致呈现“西部多样—东部单一”的空间分布结构。（4）采用K-means聚类方法进一步识别出聚集提升类、特色保护类、产业带动类、产业提振类、拆迁撤并类、一般存续类6种村庄类型。结论 在尊重乡村差异与村民意愿相结合的原则下，基于上述结果提出了不同类型村庄的优化路径，以期为分类推进乡村振兴提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 乡村振兴 类型识别 重构度 聚类 指标体系 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20250516 |
| 分类号:F323.1 |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程“乡村规划理论与方法”（10-IAED-07-2024）；中国农业科学院重大科研任务“农村基本具备现代生活条件制约要素破解研究” （CAAS-ZDRW202421）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目 “乡村振兴地域类型分异机理和识别方法研究——以山东乐陵市为例”（42001208） |
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| VILLAGE TYPE IDENTIFICATION AND OPTIMIZATION PATHWAYS UNDER THE CONTEXT OF RURAL REVITALIZATION——A CASE STUDY OF LAOLING CITY, SHANDONG PROVINCE |
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Gao Zixuan, Chen Jing
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Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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| Abstract: |
| Addressing the current absence of a village classification method that aligns with the strategic imperatives of national rural revitalization is of paramount importance. And conducting aresearch on village type identification based on the assessment of rural revitalization levels at the village scale has a significant theoretical and practical significance. Commencing with the acknowledgment of internal distinctions and the preferences of rural inhabitants, an evaluation index system was formulated. In 2018, a quantitative evaluation was conducted on 1086 villages in Laoling city, Shandong province, by utilizing the expert scoring method and entropy method across two dimensions. Subsequent to the evaluation outcomes, village types were determined through a two-dimensional binary combination and K-means clustering analysis, with corresponding optimization strategies to be proposed. The key research findings are as follows. (1) Among the five dimensions of rural revitalization levels in Laoling city, the ecological livability level was the most elevated, while the level of industrial prosperity required enhancement. (2)Villages in the peripheries of the central urban area showed a greater degree of rural settlement spatial reconstruction. (3) Four village types were identifiedby using the two-dimensional binary combination method: "high revitalization level and high reconstruction degree,""high revitalization level and low reconstruction degree,""low revitalization level and high reconstruction degree," and "low revitalization level and low reconstruction degree." These types roughlyshowed a spatial distribution pattern of "diversity in the west and uniformity in the east."(4) Six village types were further delineated byutilizing the K-means clustering method, namely: cluster enhancement, feature protection, industrial-driven, industry-boosting, demolition and consolidation, and general continuity types. Therefore, grounded in the principles of honoring rural disparities and the preferences of villagers, optimization strategies tailored to various village types were proposed, with the intention of furnishing a scientific groundwork for classification-driven rural revitalization. |
| Key words: rural revitalization type identification reconstruction degree clustering index system |
